Guest lecture risk equalization

risk equalization

Economics of the Dutch health care system
Minor Health Care Management
VU University Amsterdam

Author
Affiliations

Piet Stam

Equalis Strategy & Modeling

VU University Amsterdam

Published

October 6, 2023

Modified

November 20, 2023

Slides

The slides of the lecture are not included here, they are on the blackboard of your university.

Flow chart

In this talk, there was a central role for a flow diagram connecting competition -> regulation -> incentives -> behavior -> effects. You can watch an interactive version of this flow chart in 6 slides in English or in Dutch.

After a first watch, try to tell the story behind these slides in your own words. It is a good test and will help you to spot the parts that you might not fully understand yet. You may then read slides from your blackboard to help you fill in the blanks.

As examples, I mentioned three negative effects of the selection problem on efficiency and three negative effects on equity. In a working paper that I co-authored, we presented a list of all potential negative effects that might arise because of selection.1 In addition, we list the positive and negative effects of implementing risk equalization (yes, there are some negative effects too, which I have not discussed in my talk!).

  • 1 Van Kleef et al. (2022)

  • Risk equalization app

    You can find the risk equalization app here. Just play around to get the hang of it.

    Solutions to the selection problem

    In the last part of this talk, we looked at the behavior and effects of the selection problem that we identified at the Dutch health insurance market.2 At the end of it, I referred to an article that I wrote about this subject in the so-called VGE Bulletin, a publication of the Dutch-Flemish Association for Health Economics (VGE). This article has not been published before this talk but is now available for you to read.3

  • 2 Hamstra et al. (2022)

  • 3 P. Stam and Hamstra (2023)

  • This article contains a list of potential solutions worthy of further investigation. My current favorite is the potential solution mentioned last in this list. It is noteworthy that this one has also been discussed in Switzerland, which is another health insurance market where a selection problem exists. Check the article to find out which potential solution is my favorite.

    Food for thought

    The goal of risk equalization was explicitly described in detail in the Dutch Health Insurance Act (2006) about here. It is interesting to read and may slightly differ from how it was described in my talk.

    Surprisingly, despite a long history of developing a very sophisticated risk equalization model, currently there is much discussion about the goal of risk equalization in the Netherlands. I co-authored an article with a summary of this debate in which we also propose a way out of this controversy.4

  • 4 van de Ven et al. (2022)

  • Lastly, note that some people have high expectations about solving economic problems in health insurance and health care by risk equalization. To put these expectations into context, I authored an article (in Dutch) claiming that risk equalization is not a panacea.5

  • 5 P. J. A. Stam, Visser, and Goudriaan (2015)

  • All in all, given these debates, it is important to get a better understanding of risk equalization in order to be able to judge what’s right and what’s wrong.

    Last remarks

    These were the first few references that are nice to read/view. They already give you much to think about. Have a look at the contact details on the front page of my personal website if you have a question and want to get in touch.

    References

    Hamstra, Gerrit, Paul Van Drunen, René Hoekstra, Mariette Mol, and Piet Stam. 2022. Restrisico’s 2: Vereveningsresultaat van verzekeraars en polissen (WOR 1074).” Equalis Strategy & Modeling. https://www.rijksoverheid.nl/documenten/rapporten/2022/01/26/restrisicos-2-vereveningsresultaat-van-verzekeraars-en-polissen.
    Stam, P. J. A., J. S. Visser, and R. Goudriaan. 2015. “Risicoverevening Is Geen Panacee.” Economisch Statistische Berichten 100 (4720): 624–27. https://esb.nu/esb/20012996/risicoverevening-is-geen-panacee.
    Stam, Piet, and Gerrit Hamstra. 2023. “Negatieve Effecten van Risicoselectie: Risicoverevening Kan Die (Nog?) Niet Pareren.” VGE Bulletin, November, 6–10. https://pst.am/vge.
    van de Ven, Wynand, Gerrit Hamstra, Richard van Kleef, Mieke Reuser, and Piet Stam. 2022. “The Goal of Risk Equalization in Regulated Competitive Health Insurance Markets.” The European Journal of Health Economics, March. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10198-022-01457-7.
    Van Kleef, Richard C., Mieke Reuser, Pieter J. A. Stam, and Wynand P. M. M. Van de Ven. 2022. “Positive and Negative Effects of Risk Equalization and Risk Sharing in Regulated Competitive Health Insurance Markets.” Rotterdam. https://www.eur.nl/en/media/2022-11-2022014-kleef-et-al.

    Citation

    BibTeX citation:
    @online{stam2023,
      author = {Stam, Piet},
      title = {Guest Lecture Risk Equalization},
      date = {2023-10-06},
      url = {http://talks.pietstam.nl//2023-10-06-vu-risk-equalization},
      langid = {en}
    }
    
    For attribution, please cite this work as:
    Stam, Piet. 2023. “Guest Lecture Risk Equalization.” October 6, 2023. http://talks.pietstam.nl//2023-10-06-vu-risk-equalization.